Calculate Froude number and classify flow regime for open channels. Determine if flow is subcritical, critical, or supercritical. Includes wave celerity and specific energy calculations.
The Froude number is a dimensionless parameter representing the ratio of inertial forces to gravitational forces in open channel flow:
Fr = V / sqrt(g * Dh)
where:
| Regime | Fr Range | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Subcritical | Fr < 1 | Deep, slow flow; downstream control |
| Critical | Fr = 1 | Unstable transition; minimum energy |
| Supercritical | Fr > 1 | Shallow, fast flow; upstream control |
Source: Chow (1959), Open-Channel Hydraulics.
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